The use of real-world data (RWD) and real-world evidence (RWE) in regulatory decision-making may seem more aspirational than practical at times, but that state of affairs is changing rapidly. Wendy Rubenstein, director of personalized medicine at the U.S. FDA’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health, said contemporary versions of these real-world sources of evidence “are of progressively higher quality” in recent years, and thus RWE and RWD may soon hit their strides as mature sources of data with which regulators are increasingly comfortable.