Intracellular chloride levels are crucial for physiological brain development and correct functioning. On the other hand, aberrant expression of chloride importer NKCC1 (basolateral Na-K-Cl symporter, SLC12A2) and exporter KCC2 (K-Cl cotransporter 2, SLC12A5) is involved in neurodevelopmental and neurologic conditions, including mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), among others, leading to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory signals.