Fatty acid synthase (FASN), an enzyme that drives de novo lipogenesis, plays a relevant role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or type 2 diabetes. Denifanstat (TVB-2640), a FASN inhibitor, has recently shown positive results in a phase II study in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).
Swarm Oncology Ltd. has emerged from stealth with a focus on advancing novel T-cell therapies to achieve long-term remission in patients with advanced solid cancers.
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (PTP1B) acts as a negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway by dephosphorylating both the insulin receptor (IR) and the insulin receptor substrate, leading to insulin resistance, the most significant characteristic of type 2 diabetes.
Ocugen Inc. has received IND clearance from the FDA for OCU-500, an inhaled mucosal vaccine for COVID-19. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) will sponsor and conduct a phase I trial of OCU-500 administered via inhalation into the lungs and intranasally as a spray.
Pancreatic cancer has the worst survival rates among all solid tumor types, and its incidence is increasing. Hypoxic conditions that arise from an imbalance between increased oxygen consumption and an inadequate oxygen supply play a key role in several solid tumors. This impacts the proliferation, migration, apoptosis and metabolism of tumor cells; hypoxia is considered a key contributor to chemoresistance in cancer cells.
Recent transcriptomic studies indicated a connection between neuroinflammation, changes in neuroimmune responses, and the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The microglial calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) showed increased circulating levels in young adults, positively correlating with autistic severity.
The liver and pancreas are the main actors in glucose metabolism, but not the only ones. Muscles, adipose tissue and the brain play different roles. However, the prize for the best new actor in glucagon production goes to the innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which, according to a study published in Science, respond to intestine neuron signals traveling to the pancreas to control glucose.
Researchers at Viva Star Biosciences (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. and Viva Star Biosciences (US) Inc. have described NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
Janssen Pharmaceutica NV has divulged mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) inhibitors reported to be useful for the treatment of cancer.
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