Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have linked pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a progressive disease characterized by blood vessel remodeling, with lysosomal dysfunction and sterol metabolism. They reported their results on Jan. 23, 2025, in Science.
Chronic pain affects about 20% of the population worldwide. It is – inadequately – treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compounds and opioids that lack efficacy and that are associated with serious side effects. The signaling axis composed of nerve growth factor (NGF) and the receptor tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) is one of the few nonopioid targets that have been validated for treating chronic pain in patients.
By comparing the transcriptomic profile of tissue regeneration after induced damage in the small intestine and colon with their transcriptomic landscape in their steady state, researchers have identified a pathway that unlinks tissue regeneration from tumorigenesis.
Currently, cancer therapy trial-and-error methodology is inefficient and unsustainable. Oncology is the worst therapeutic area for drug trial success; only 3.4% of drugs that enter phase I end up being FDA approved, and 57% fail due to poor drug efficacy in trials. Building tools that may aid in predicting an individual’s response to a specific therapy may help in reducing costs, guesswork, and importantly improve the outcome of patients and accelerate new drug development.
Currently, cancer therapy trial-and-error methodology is inefficient and unsustainable. Oncology is the worst therapeutic area for drug trial success; only 3.4% of drugs that enter phase I end up being FDA approved, and 57% fail due to poor drug efficacy in trials. Building tools that may aid in predicting an individual’s response to a specific therapy may help in reducing costs, guesswork, and importantly improve the outcome of patients and accelerate new drug development.
Breast cancer cells, when disseminated to other secondary organs such as the lungs, may stay in a dormant state for years, even decades. But the mechanisms that limit their expansion are not well understood. This is what researchers call a dormant mesenchymal-like phenotype before metastasis to the lungs. Now, scientists have shown in a study published Oct. 7, 2024, in Cell, that the limiting of disseminated breast cancer cells (DCCs) to metastasize in the lungs is due to alveolar macrophages, which activate signals that make DCCs stay dormant.
Breast cancer cells, when disseminated to other secondary organs such as the lungs, may stay in a dormant state for years, even decades. But the mechanisms that limit their expansion are not well understood. This is what researchers call a dormant mesenchymal-like phenotype (M-like) before metastasis to the lungs. Now, scientists have shown in a study published Oct. 7, 2024, in Cell, that the limiting of disseminated breast cancer cells (DCCs) to metastasize in the lungs is due to alveolar macrophages (AMs), which activate signals that make DCCs stay dormant.
The spread of drug-resistant bacteria is a global health concern and could once again become a leading cause of mortality. The World Health Organization has flagged carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as a top priority pathogen requiring innovative therapies for its management, which has a mortality rate of 25%-60% and caused more than 100,000 deaths worldwide in 2019. Therapy based on the use of bacteriophages (phages) to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria is one such innovative strategy.
The spread of drug-resistant bacteria is a global health concern and could once again become a leading cause of mortality. The World Health Organization has flagged carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), which has a mortality rate of 25%-60%, as a top priority pathogen requiring innovative therapies for its management. Researchers from the HUN-REN Biological Research Centre in Hungary have published a paper in Cell in which they describe designing and developing phage cocktails that target the most prevalent CRAB strains within specific geographic regions by using phylogeographic analysis and mapping the pathogen’s genetic diversity.
Immunotherapy based on T cells is the vanguard of cancer treatments. Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis have shown that similar approaches using T cells could be applied for treating injuries of the central nervous system (CNS). They reported their findings in Nature on Sept. 4, 2024.
