The gastrointestinal tract could be key to developing new drugs to combat resistant bacteria. Computational analysis of the human microbiome has revealed a new class of peptides with antimicrobial potential that, once synthesized, inhibited the growth of several microorganisms in vitro and in vivo.

Infection or cure? Scientists from Tel Aviv University and the University of Glasgow genetically modified the Toxoplasma gondii to bring a protein inside neurons. The novelty of using a protozoan that can travel from the gut to parasitize the CNS contrasts with the possibility of causing a disease. The scientists are already working on how to avoid it.

A strategy inspired by deficient HIV replication could be used as a treatment to reduce viral load in patients living with HIV and help control the pandemic of the retrovirus. Scientists from the University of California San Francisco want to use HIV against itself by using a parasitic version of the pathogen.

Infection or cure? Scientists from Tel Aviv University and the University of Glasgow genetically modified the Toxoplasma gondii to bring a protein inside neurons. The novelty of using a protozoan that can travel from the gut to parasitize the CNS contrasts with the possibility of causing a disease. The scientists are already working on how to avoid it.

To be successful, CAR T-cells need a balance between being effective and overkill. Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and Vittoria Biotherapeutics Inc. have eliminated the CD5 signaling pathway of their CAR Ts to prevent the immunosuppressive brake effect. In return, this improved their proliferation and antitumor activity in T cell lymphomas.

Increased life expectancy also comes with age-related diseases. But what causes one to age? Although there is no single answer, scientists at Duke-National University of Singapore have shown in mice that interleukin-11 (IL-11) promoted aging. Blocking it improved health and lifespan.

Not all cancer cells that detach from the primary tumor and embark on a journey to another organ colonize it. To establish themselves, cells need specific conditions. Scientists at the Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich) explored this hypothesis in the liver and identified a protein involved in metastatic transformation. Blocking it prevented liver metastasis. Their findings may have applications in other organs and various types of cancers.

Increased life expectancy also comes with age-related diseases. But what causes one to age? Although there is no single answer, scientists at Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) have shown in mice that interleukin-11 (IL-11) promoted aging. Blocking it improved health and lifespan.

The adaptation of cancer cells to therapies limits the effectiveness of treatments. However, understanding the mechanisms they use to do it could help reverse them or be used to design more powerful drugs. Scientists at New York University (NYU) have studied the transitions causing resistance and have observed how it develops through a gradual process they have called the “resistance continuum.”

Muscle fatigue associated with brain inflammation could be prevented by modulating certain cytokines. Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL) have studied inflammation in the CNS in infection models of Escherichia coli, SARS-CoV-2 and amyloid-β toxicity, unveiling its impact on motor function, the role of IL-6 in this process and how to mitigate it in chronic disease.